Vacuum Sintering Furnace Main Principles

Vacuum sintering furnace is a protective sintering furnace for heated articles in vacuum environment. There are many heating modes, such as resistance heating, induction heating, microwave heating and so on. Vacuum induction furnace is a kind of furnace which uses induction heating to protect the heated objects. It can be divided into power frequency, intermediate frequency, high frequency and other types, and can be classified as a subcategory of vacuum sintering furnace.

Vacuum induction sintering furnace is a complete set of equipment for sintering cemented carbide cutters and various metal powder compacts by using the principle of medium frequency induction heating under vacuum or protective atmosphere. It is designed for the industrial production of cemented carbide, dysprosium metal and ceramic materials.

I. Principles and Applications

Vacuum induction tungsten sintering furnace is under the protection of hydrogen gas after vacuum pumping. By using the principle of medium frequency induction heating, the tungsten crucible in the coil produces high temperature, which is transmitted to work by thermal radiation. It is suitable for powder forming and sintering of refractory alloys such as tungsten, molybdenum and their alloys by scientific research and military units. II. Main Structure and Composition

The structure forms are mostly vertical and discharging. Its main components are: electric furnace body, vacuum system, water cooling system, pneumatic system, hydraulic system, feeding and discharging mechanism, base, worktable, induction heating device (tungsten heater and advanced thermal insulation material), power supply device, medium frequency power supply and electrical control system, etc.

III. Main Functions

After vacuuming, hydrogen gas is filled to control the sintering state of pressure and atmosphere in the furnace. Optical fibre infrared radiation thermometer and armored thermocouple can be used to continuously measure temperature (0-2500 C). After comparing with the setting program, the intelligent temperature controller can choose to implement state feedback to medium frequency power supply, automatically control the temperature and heat preservation program.

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Vacuum Furnace of Vacuum Nitriding Technology

Vacuum nitriding is also known as vacuum exhaust nitrocarburizing. As the name implies, vacuum nitriding technology is vacuum furnace through vacuum technology, clean and activate metal surface. In the process of heating, heat preservation and cooling, trace gases are discharged and activated gases are input. The hardness and toughness of vacuum furnace can be enhanced by vacuum nitriding technology.

If the chromium content in the material is very high, its hardness will also increase. The hardness of the single-phase epsilon compound layer varies with the chromium content of the material: when the chromium content of the material is 13%, the hardness is 1200HV, and when the chromium content of the material reaches 18%, the hardness reaches 1500HV. When the chromium content of the material is 25%, the hardness can reach 1700HV. The wear resistance of single-phase epsilon compound layer with high chromium content is very high. It has high temperature resistance, low temperature resistance and wear resistance. The hardness and toughness of single-phase epsilon compound layer are high, so it is easy to cause cracks in forging die in the early stage of casting, and pinholes are easy to appear in vacuum furnace during welding repair.

Vacuum nitriding technology can harden steel. The principles of vacuum nitriding and ion nitriding are different. Vacuum nitriding requires that steel be heated in a vacuum furnace first. After heating, a small amount of gas is washed in. Then nitrogen atoms gradually permeate and diffuse into the steel, gradually achieving hardening. Ion nitriding only heats the surface of steel, then the active nitrogen ion penetrates into the surface of steel, and then a series of chemical reactions occur, which makes the hardness of steel increase. The steel processed by ion nitriding technology is not as good as that processed by vacuum nitriding technology. Because this technology only needs to process the surface of steel, it does not need vacuum furnace to heat.

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